Actinium

Overview of Actinium

Actinium is a silvery, radioactive, metallic element.  Due to its intense
radioactivity, Actinium glows in the dark with a pale blue light.  it’s found only
in traces in uranium ores as 227Ac, an alpha and beta emitter with a half-life
of 21.773 years.  One ton of uranium ore contains about a tenth of a gram of
actinium.

Actinium-225 and its progeny present unique radiobiological and dosimetric challenges to the medical physicist because of the multiple progeny, the diverse progeny chemical characteristics and pharmacokinetic profiles, and the short-range, high LET α-particle emissions.

Actinium was discovered (1899) by French chemist André-Louis Debierne in pitchblende residues left after French physicists Pierre and Marie Curie had extracted radium from them, and it was also discovered (1902) independently by German chemist Friedrich Oskar Giesel.

Actinium’s targeted radiotherapy products are based on its proprietary delivery platform for the therapeutic utilization of alpha-emitting actinium-225 and bismuth-213 and certain beta emitting radiopharmaceuticals in conjunction with monoclonal antibodies.

Actinium Pharmaceuticals Iomab-B: Innovative Cancer Approach And Research Actinium’s novel approach may benefit patients with a broad range of hematologic malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML), Myelodysplastic Syndrome, and Multiple Myeloma.

Actinium occurs naturally in association with uranium radionuclides and 225Ac can be obtained either from the decay of 233U or from the neutron transmutation of 226Ra by successive n,γ capture decay reactions via 227Ac, 228Th to 229Th [10–12].

Actinium’s lead application for our ARC’s is targeted conditioning, which is inseemed to selectively kill patient’s cancer cells and certain immune cells prior to a BMT or Bone Marrow Transplant, CAR-T and other cell therapies.

Actinium Pharmaceuticals’ drug development pipeline features Iomab-B, which is in a pivotal Phase 3 clinical trial, Actimab-A, which is in a Phase 2 clinical trial, and Actimab-M currently in a Phase 1 clinical trial.

Actinium‐225 (225Ac) is an emerging alpha emitter suitable for TAT; however, the availability of chelators for Ac remains limited to a small number of examples (DOTA and macropa).

Actinium atoms have 89 electrons and
the electronic shell structure is [2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 9, 2] with Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) 2D3/2.

Blockchain

Additionally, Actinium is completely decentralized featuring an open-source codebase available for review, critique, and change from anyone.Designed to continuously incorporate innovative new features accordingly.The full breadth of the blockchain industry has yet to be realized which is why the development of Actinium remains perpetual and ever-expanding.The future of blockchain technology is bright and The Actinium Network strives to be equally radiant by ensuring its users have access to all the advantages this industry has to offer, both now and in the future.

Mine

Actinium is a cryptocurrency designed to be convenient, functional and secure.Featuring an active Lightning Network, Hardware Wallet integration, Tor Browser capabilities, as well as maintaining a heavy focus on education and every day application, Actinium aims to make blockchain technology useful for everyone.The Actinium Network is dedicated to sustaining a foundation of transparency and trust, which is why the project was launched fairly, meaning there is no pre-mine, no ICO, no pre-launch funding and no developer rewards of any sort associated with this project—whatsoever.

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Happily Ever After?

Having resolved many of the biggest issues, the Tri-Lab project team is in the midst of working out the new process’s details.They estimate they can provide more than 20 times as much actinium-225 to medical researchers as they were able to originally.Those researchers are now investigating what dosages would maximize effectiveness while minimizing the drug’s toxicity.At the same time, the national labs are pursuing upgrades to expand production to the level needed for a commercial drug.They’re also working to make the entire process more efficient.

How Easily Can Actinium Pharmaceuticals Raise Cash?

While its cash burn is only increasing slightly, Actinium Pharmaceuticals shareholders should still consider the potential need for further cash, down the track.Companies can raise capital through either debt or equity.Many companies end up issuing new shares to fund future growth.By comparing a company's annual cash burn to its total market capitalisation, we can estimate roughly how many shares it would have to issue in order to run the company for another year (at the same burn rate).

How Is Actinium Pharmaceuticals' Cash Burn Changing Over Time?

Because Actinium Pharmaceuticals isn't currently generating revenue, we consider it an early-stage business.Nonetheless, we can still examine its cash burn trajectory as part of our assessment of its cash burn situation.It seems likely that the business is content with its current spending, as the cash burn rate stayed steady over the last twelve months.While the past is always worth studying, it is the future that matters most of all.So you might want to take a peek at how much the company is expected to grow in the next few years.

Is Actinium Pharmaceuticals' Cash Burn A Worry?

As you can probably tell by now, we're not too worried about Actinium Pharmaceuticals' cash burn.For example, we think its cash runway suggests that the company is on a good path.Although its increasing cash burn does give us reason for pause, the other metrics we discussed in this article form a positive picture overall.Shareholders can take heart from the fact that analysts are forecasting it will reach breakeven.Looking at all the measures in this article, together, we're not worried about its rate of cash burn; the company seems well on top of its medium-term spending needs.On another note, Actinium Pharmaceuticals has 2 warning signs (and 1 which shouldn't be ignored) we think you should know about.

What is Actinium?

Actinium is the first element of the actinide series.All 36 known isotopes of actinium are radioactive.Ac 227 and 228 are naturally occurring isotopes with the half-life of 21.77 years and 6.13 hours respectively.It is 150 times more radioactive than radium.It is hazardous to health.If ingested, it gets deposited into the liver and bones, damaging the cells due to radioactive decay.

When Might Actinium Pharmaceuticals Run Out Of Money?

A cash runway is defined as the length of time it would take a company to run out of money if it kept spending at its current rate of cash burn.When Actinium Pharmaceuticals last reported its balance sheet in December 2020, it had zero debt and cash worth US$64m.Looking at the last year, the company burnt through US$22m.So it had a cash runway of about 2.9 years from December 2020.Importantly, though, analysts think that Actinium Pharmaceuticals will reach cashflow breakeven before then.In that case, it may never reach the end of its cash runway.You can see how its cash balance has changed over time in the image below.

History of Actinium

In 1881 Phipson named a metal Actinium.

In 1899 André-Louis Debierne (1874-1949) found a radioactive substance which was separated from pitchblende with the rare earths and had chemical properties similar to those of Thorium.

In 1899, Debierne at Paris while finding out new methods to separate rare earth oxides extracted the element from uranium-rich pitchblende ores.

In 1899, Debierne described the substance as similar to titanium[3] and (in 1900) as similar to thorium.[4]

In 1902, Friedrich Otto Giesel who was unaware of Debierne’s discovery independently worked on the same mineral ore to extract the element and even named it emanium.

In 1913, a minute production of actinium, almost too small to be confident of, was recorded by one of us in the old preparations of uranium-X separated from 50 kgrm.

In 1945 Glenn Seaborg proposed that actinium was the first member of a family of fifteen elements (the “actinides”), characterized by the possession of the 5f orbitals.

In 1994, a team from ORNL led by Mirzadeh started extracting thorium-229 from the target material.

In 2013, the federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first drug based on alpha emitters.

in 2021 with AML — it is the 2nd most common form of leukemia.

In the 1960s, scientists at the DOE’s Hanford Site produced uranium-233 as a fuel for nuclear weapons and reactors.

In the 1970s, scientists revisited the discovery of actinium.